Calcification and loss of subcutaneous tissue following trauma and hypothermia.

few external marks (iDuke-Elder, 1954), though a 'black eye' is more often seen Diplopia is the result of tethering of either or both the inferior rectus and inferior oblique muscles in the fracture with consequent restriction of movements of the globe. At the same time downward displacement of the globe contributes to the muscle imbalance. The net result is limitation of upward and or downward gaze. If the infraorbital nerve is involved, anaesthesia may be present over the malar region. Treatment is surgical and involves freeing the trapped muscles and returming any herniated tissues back into the orbit. Sometimes a bone or prosthetic graft is required to restore the continuity of the orbital floor. The results of early treatment are good, but delay in recognition of the condition makes surgery increasingly difficult.